12/29/2023 0 Comments GrandTotal for windows download![]() Up next: Use slicers, timelines, and PivotCharts to analyze your PivotTable data. ![]() Pick an option (such as % of Grand Total), and you can see that Arts & Photography represents a little over 10% of Sales and how each store contributes to that figure.įor more information about calculations in PivotTables, see the link in the course summary. In addition to summarizing the Sales figures, you can show them as a calculation.įor example, right-click a cell in the Grand Total column, point to Show Values As (there are a lot of options, such as % of Row Total and % of Column Total). You can see that the average Arts & Photography Sales is $1400. Until now, the values in the PivotTable have been displayed as the sum of the Sales Amount field, but you can use other functions.įor example, right-click a cell in the Grand Total column, point to Summarize Values By (there are a lot of options, such as Min and Max), click an option (such as Average), and now the values in the PivotTable are summarized as averages. To show only the three genres with the highest Grand Totals, right-click a Genre, point to Filter, click Top 10- I know, clicking Top 10 to see the Top 3 doesn't seem to make sense, but look.Ĭhange 10 to 3, click OK, and the top three genres are displayed. Right-click them (Genres in this example), point to Filter, click Keep Only Selected Items, and only the selected Genres are displayed. These can be text or dates under Row Labels. To view only the items in your PivotTable that you want, you can select the cells that contain the items. Slicers are one of the best ways to filter your PivotTable data.įor information about using slicers, see the 4th video in this course- Use slicers, timelines, and PivotCharts to analyze your PivotTable data. To remove the filter, click the down arrow again, it now looks like a funnel because a filter is applied. The Firefox Debugger now includes a new feature: an option to disable the debugger keyword on the current page. And only genres of books that start with "c" are displayed. Type your criteria, such as the letter c, and click OK. ![]() Since we clicked the down-arrow for a label, point to Label Filters.Ĭlick an option, such as Begins With. It helps you focus on the data you want to analyze.Ĭlick the down-arrow next to Row Labels. On the Quick Access Toolbar, click Undo, to undo the sort. Right-click a value, such as the Grand Total for the Arts & Photography genre, point to Sort, click Sort Largest to Smallest, and the Genres are sorted from the largest to smallest Grand Total Sales amounts. One of the most common ways is sorting, it helps you quickly see trends in your data. You can analyze PivotTable data in many ways.
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12/29/2023 0 Comments Blissful spirits yoga albuquerque![]() ![]() Check out their Google Review rating and comments left about the studios. Our mobile studio brings your favorite instructors to your preferred venues, uniting the local yoga community. We may be a bit biased, as you can attend any of these classes with a Fit Mix membership, but we think that these are the best yoga studios in Rio Rancho and Albuquerque.īut don’t believe us. Experience blissful yoga in Albuquerque with Bliss in the City. Whether you are a beginner or advanced Yogi you will be able to find a class that fits you. You are learning to respond instead of reacting to stimulation.Now that you know all of this you are probably wondering where to start.Īlbuquerque has a great yoga community with a variety of studios offering classes for all experience levels. You are learning to be comfortable with the uncomfortable. Hot Yoga takes it to the next level by creating an extreme environment with heat and humidity. Yoga Instructor, Yoga Studio Owner at Blissful Spirits Hot Yoga. You start wondering how this is different than Hot Yoga. Work may be a goal for one person and a distraction for another. It will increase your mindfulness, making you more aware of the distractions in your life that are keeping you from goals.ĭistractions could be anything and are different for everyone. As a respected 200-hour Yoga Training in the Albuquerque area since 2017 we use our extensive understanding of our yoga lineage as well as knowledge from other. ![]() Yoga is an amazing meditative practice that will help you live your live with more intention. Becoming the next President of your Beanie Babies club. How do you stay focused on what truly matters to you? Family. This is just one of the many distractions you have on a daily, hourly, and even minute by minute basis. Find your Bliss Blissful Spirits in Albuquerque and Rio Rancho welcome people of all ages, fitness levels, and health statuses. About Blissful.Specialties: Blissful Spirits Hot Yoga in Albuquerque specialized in Hot Yoga, Hot Vinyasa, Warm. You might even be reading this to not do something else you probably should be focused on. Blissful Spirits Hot Yoga, Albuquerque, NM. 12/28/2023 0 Comments Create sankey diagram excel![]() Import competitor analysis data and discover actionable insights at a glance and accelerate your decision making and problem solving with visualizations. Make Competitive Decisions with Advance Google Sheets Charts: The complex data transformation into visual story telling or indicators like material flows in production system, financial dashboards, graphic reports, responsive charts and analytical graphs are frequently used to increase business growth. Business Intelligence (BI) uses historical data for future prediction and views on Business Data Apps.ĭata visualization will make your digital transformation a success. Visualizing your data with Google Sheets charts on web saves you valuable time. Visualizations enable fast comprehension and data interpretation because your eyes are better at absorbing visual information. Visualizations translate the language of numbers into charts that spark innovation. Your data holds insights that are hidden behind the walls of spreadsheet numbers. Learn The Language Of Data Using Google Sheets Charts: ![]() Insights that have always felt out of reach are now right at your fingertips with this cool Google charts library. You can create visualizations in three clicks. ChartExpo, Google Sheets graph maker is effortless. Manually analyzing data with data visualization tools requires coding and endless clicking through spreadsheets. Energy Flow Diagram, finance charts etc.) using good charts. You need to chart the numbers and know flow of your data (e.g. Spreadsheets are helpful for collecting and organizing information, but fail to bridge the gap between your data and the insights you seek. Your problem is that there is not enough time and resources to analyze your data for advanced analytics, which could be simplified and visually represented through Google Sheets charts. Overwhelmed With Data, Starving For Insight:ĭata is useless without insights. Additionally, ChartExpo seamlessly integrates with Google Sheets, allowing you to generate and use the chart images in Google presentation software aka Google Slides effortlessly. You can create network diagrams, flowcharts, comparison charts, sentiment graphs, survey graphs, feedback charts, customer experience charts, PPC (Pay per click) charts using ChartExpo chart maker. It is the “Aha!’ moment that seems so simple, yet produces such profound change. When you solve a complex data problems with a simple chart or graph, the result is monumental. ChartExpo is a Google Sheets charts tool that makes it simple to gain insights from your boring spreadsheets. 12/28/2023 0 Comments 2005 c230 kompressor amg packThe C230 Kompressor ($25,850) is powered by a 1.8-liter dual-overhead-cam 16-valve four-cylinder engine pumped up to 189 horsepower by a supercharger (the Kompressor). The least-expensive C-Class models are the sport coupes, or two-door hatchbacks. All come standard with rear-wheel drive, but all-wheel-drive is optional on two of the sedans and the wagon. The class includes four different engines and either a six-speed manual or five-speed automatic transmission, depending on the model. The 2005 Mercedes C-Class presents a daunting array of choices, comprising five four-door sedans, two hatchback coupes, and a wagon. But for those seeking Mercedes-Benz engineering, design strengths and mystique in a mainstream sedan, it doesn’t get any easier than the C-Class. Buyers will still pay a slight premium for the three-pointed star when compared with a similarly equipped BMW 3 Series or Audi A4. In short, the C-Class is more appealing for 2005. Nearly all the 2005 C-Class cars are priced identically to the last 2004 models. In spite of improvements to the entire C-Class lineup, Mercedes has held the line on price increases. At the top of the C-Class is the new C55 AMG, an extreme sports sedan that can knock your socks off when you floor the accelerator then pull them back up when you hit the brakes. The sport models, which now account for more than half of C-Class sales, come with a new six-speed manual transmission that greatly improves shift action. Mercedes has also further distinguished the sport models from the standard luxury sedans for the 2005 model year. Every model comes standard with a full-complement of airbags and an Electronic Stability Program, the latter designed to prevent skidding in corners. New paint technology imbeds microscopic ceramic flakes in the clear coat finish, increasing its resistance to chipping and degradation over time. Climb in and the C320 looks and feels like a Mercedes-Benz, featuring firm, supportive seats and mostly high-quality materials.Īll C-Class models feature redesigned interiors and freshened exterior styling for 2005. But we think the C-Class is best represented by the C320 sedan, with its smooth, powerful V6 engine, responsive transmission and classic Mercedes balance of ride quality and handling. ![]() The C230 coupe is the least expensive Mercedes sold in the United States, offering sporting character in a practical package geared toward first-time Mercedes buyers. And full-time all-wheel drive is available for some models, improving safety and traction in slippery conditions. Sport models are available for those who want a sportier driving experience. The model line includes hatchbacks, four-door sedans, and wagons. The C-Class delivers Mercedes engineering and safety technology. The C-Class brings the three-pointed Mercedes star to the rest of us, with coupes starting below $27,000 and sedans below $30,000. The C-Class appeals to buyers because it offers a range of models at attractive prices. Mercedes C-Class sales have increased four fold over the past decade, and it doesn’t take a degree in marketing to understand why. 12/28/2023 0 Comments Dr pecunia plastic surgery![]() Pecunia resides in Hattiesburg, Miss., with his wife and their three children. Buckleys phone number, address, insurance information, hospital affiliations and more. Pecunia is an active member of the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, American College of Surgeons, Southeast Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons, South Mississippi Medical Society, American Medical Association and the Mississippi State Medical Association.ĭr. Buckley is a Plastic Surgeon in Tupelo, MS. He is affiliated with Forrest General Hospital. He graduated from LSU Health Sciences Center New Orleans School of Medicine in 1986. Rick Pecunia, MD, FACS, specializes in plastic surgery in Hattiesburg, MS. Find Reviews and Contact Information for Dr. Richard Pecunia, MD is a cosmetic, plastic & reconstructive surgery specialist in Hattiesburg, MS and has over 36 years of experience in the medical field. He graduated from Louisiana State University School Of Medicine In New Orleans with his medical degree in 1986. Richard Pecunia is a Board of Certificated Plastic Surgeon in Hattiesburg, Mississippi. He has special interest in cosmetic and breast surgery, as well as body contouring procedures, facial procedures and hand and upper extremity procedures.ĭr. Richard A Pecunia specializes in plastic and reconstructive surgery in Hattiesburg, MS and has over 37 years of experience in the field of medicine. ![]() Pecunia maintains a broad interest in all aspects of plastic surgery. ![]() Pecunia has been board certified by the American Board of Plastic Surgery since 1996 and maintains his board certification through the maintenance certification program.ĭr. Pecunia graduated from the Louisiana State University School of Medicine In New Orleans in 1986. Pecunia served a general surgery residency at Allegheny General Hospital in Pittsburgh, Pa., He then completed a plastic surgery residency at the University of Mississippi Medical Center in Jackson, Miss., in 1994.ĭr. (601) 261-3690 OVERVIEW RATINGS & REVIEWS LOCATIONS INSURANCE OVERVIEW Dr. The mailing address for Richard A Pecunia is. The current location address for Richard A Pecunia is 421 S 28TH AVE Hattiesburg, MS 39401 and the contact number is 6012613690 and fax number is 6015795240. The NPI Number for Richard A Pecunia is 1205944659. He then returned to his native New Orleans to attend Louisiana State University School of Medicine, where he received his medical degree in 1986.ĭr. Richard A Pecunia ( RICHARD A PECUNIA ) is A Plastic Surgery Physician in Hattiesburg, MS. Pecunia received a Bachelor of Science from Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge, La., in 1981. “We are able to get people immediate results and see their confidence skyrocket.” “I love working in plastics because here, success stories are a daily routine,” Pecunia said. Pecunia, MD, FACS, joined Hattiesburg Clinic in 1994 and began the department of Plastic Surgery as the clinic’s first plastic and reconstructive surgeon. 12/28/2023 0 Comments Life size jenga fishale panama city fl![]() Highly recommend this place and we will go back again. We are not beer drinkers but this would be an added draw to dine here due to their large selection of beers. This is not your typical sports bar burger.one of the best I've ever had. This is a burger that could EASILY be split with another person. ![]() While her portion was huge, it paled in comparison to my burger!!!! It was an 8 oz burger.a combination of hamburger topped with roast beef, mushrooms and a delicious cheese sauce. My wife loved the dish and the portion was huge. Read 558 customer reviews of Fishale Taphouse & Grill, one of the best Gastropubs businesses at 7715 Front Beach Rd, Panama City Beach, FL 32407 United States. The Alfredo sauce was not the overly rich/sickening type and the dish had an abundance of chicken. My wife ordered a chicken pasta dish and I ordered the "Meatenator" burger. Kristen was very helpful in making various recommendations on the food menu. The place was not at all crowded due to a pouring rain storm outside.a deluge!!! Needless to say we were promptly seated and our promptly and was VERY pleasant. My wife and I stopped in on Wednesday night about 5:00 pm. 12/28/2023 0 Comments Gf76 katana![]() Damage under such test conditions is not covered by MSI’s standard warranty. Test results do not guarantee future performance under these test conditions. Validation process is done in laboratory conditions. Department of Defense (DoD) requirements or for military use. The testing is not a representation of MSI products satisfying U.S. ![]() MIL-STD 810H or MIL-STD 810G testing is conducted on select MSI products. Adobe® products are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries.Autodesk screen shots reprinted courtesy of Autodesk, Inc. We recommend you to check with your local supplier for exact offers and detail specifications.Īdobe product box shots reprinted with permission from Adobe Systems Incorporated. Some products and configuration may not be available in all markets or launch time differs. Although we endeavor to present the most precise and comprehensive information at the time of publication, a small number of items may contain typography or photography errors. All specifications are subject to change without notice. Product specification, functions and appearance may vary by models and differ from country to country. Visual representation of the products may not be perfectly accurate. Any rights not expressly granted herein are reserved.Īll images and descriptions are for illustrative purposes only. MSI trademarks and copyrighted materials may be used only with written permission from MSI. The names and logos of third party products and companies shown on our website and used in the materials are the property of their respective owners and may also be trademarks. Find quality electronics products to add to your. ![]() ![]() MSI, MSI gaming, dragon, and dragon shield names and logos, as well as any other MSI service or product names or logos displayed on the MSI website, are registered trademarks or trademarks of MSI. Shop for MSI GF76037 GF76 Katana 17.3 inch Gaming Laptop - Intel i7-12700H,16GB/512GB (1) at Fred Meyer. All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. NVIDIA, the NVIDIA logo, GeForce, GeForce RTX, and NVIDIA Turing are registered trademarks and/or trademarks of NVIDIA Corporation in the United States and other countries. The terms HDMI™, HDMI™ High-Definition Multimedia Interface, HDMI™ Trade dress and the HDMI™ Logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of HDMI™ Licensing Administrator, Inc. Intel, the Intel Logo, Intel Inside, Intel Core, and Core Inside are trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries in the U.S. Single backlight (red) with Anti-Ghost key (99 Key)ġ year Limited warranty (Include 1 Year Global) Up to 1222.5MHz Boost Clock, 60W Maximum Graphics Power. Up to 1390MHz Boost Clock, 105W Maximum Graphics Power with Dynamic Boost. Up to 1135MHz Boost Clock, 105W Maximum Graphics Power with Dynamic Boost. Up to 1525MHz Boost Clock, 105W Maximum Graphics Power with Dynamic Boost. Please message us if this happens so we can manually approve your post.(MSI recommends Windows 11 Pro for business.)ġ7.3" Thin Bezel FHD, IPS-Level 144Hz, 45% NTSC If your post or comment contains a link to Amazon it might be caught in the spam filter, which is not something moderators have control over. Please ask permission before posting a survey. Rule#6: Survey links will not be allowed unless they are directly related to gaming laptops. Rule#5: FALSE REPORTING ANYONE OR POSTS WILL RESULT IN A BAN Rule#4: SUBMISSION GUIDELINES MUST BE FOLLOWED OR THE POST WILL BE REMOVED Rule#3: THIS SUBREDDIT IS ABOUT GAMING LAPTOPS NOT ANYTHING ELSE! Rule#2: No Spamming Anyone For Any Reason! Please make sure you read everything before posting! Also the rules are explained in dept on the wiki so read that too! Result of the above survey will be posted publicly on our subreddit upon its conclusion, so fill it out to help current and future users! 12/28/2023 0 Comments Korean keyboard layout originKorean Typing Keyboard can use muscle memory to locate keys quickly, without using the sense of sight and with all the fingers available, just as piano players do. Online Korean keyboard users are surfers having a Qwerty or Azerty Keyboard without Korean characters. We have a good ranking of users based on the Alexa service for the most known Korean keyboard. We also note that people coming from Non-Korean countries are using these keyboards. It is also for the users who speak and write Korean and don't have a physical keyboard. The primary users of these services are students and academics. You can then paste the text into any Facebook, Twitter, email, search app, etc. Touch and hold inside the text area for mobile phones and tablets to copy the text. You can use this online virtual keyboard when you are in a foreign land using the internet in a cyber cafe. It is a pretty straightforward online Korean keyboard, which will help you write documents in the Korean language. ![]() ![]() Moreover, you can edit your text by putting the mouse pointer inside the input box. So, you can type any Korean script using this online keyboard. This keyboard is applicable for typing both small and capital letters. No matter if you don't have a suitable keyboard to type the Cyrillic alphabet. This online typing keyboard allows you to type in Korean characters on your computer. You will learn the shortcut keys with this online virtual keyboard. You can use your computer keyboard or mouse to type Korean letters with this online keyboard. Korean Typing Keyboard enables you to type in the Korean language, so installing any software is unnecessary. Korean Keyboard is a fast and accurate typing keyboard. Our free online Korean Typing Keyboard uses Google transliteration typing service. So, follow below and practice with the Korean Typing Keyboard to become the Korean typing master in no time. To double-click the button to highlight all text, then press + to double and + to paste on your physical keyboard.Īre you facing a problem with typing in the Korean Language? Do you want to learn to type in Korean online? Or, Are you in search of the best Korean Typing Tutor and not able to find the best tool? Then Yes, you are on the right website to learn to type Korean quickly. When complete, you can copy and paste the letters. Hold on your physical Keyboard to type capital letters, and the texts will become the upper case. Your physical keyboard will type Korean on this page. ![]() Use the Korean Typing Keyboard for Korean typing practice online, and you don't have to install anything. Also, practice typing with our online typing keyboard games for free. Write Korean at a faster pace with this virtual Keyboard. This online keyboard app is also helpful for users who speak Korean worldwide. With this Keyboard, you can practice Korean lessons online for beginners. This Korean Typing Test Keyboard is also known as 한국어 키보드 in the Korean Language. 1 web-based editor to write in Korean characters. Korean keyboard online for Korean typing is the best and most comfortable virtual keyboard to type in Korean alphabets, letters, and words. 12/28/2023 0 Comments Create a new email gmail![]() ![]() Gmail’s folders can help you organize your inbox better and manage emails more efficiently.īut for effective inbox organization, you’ll first need to know how to create and manage labels inside Gmail. Now that you know what a Gmail folder (or label) is, let’s go over how you can use it on the Gmail web app: How to Use Folders on the Gmail Web App Since a Gmail label and a folder are essentially the same, I’ll be using “labels” and “folders” interchangeably in this guide. However, you can add multiple labels to an email in Gmail.įor example, it’s possible to assign an email to the labels “Weekend plans” and “Personal” - without creating a copy of it for each label. In a conventional folder system, an email can belong to only one folder. Gmail doesn’t have a traditional folder system like Microsoft Outlook. Learn how to use the CC and BCC features in Gmail to send emails to multiple recipients.Check out my step-by-step guide on how to use Gmail.How to Assign Labels to an Email Automatically on the Gmail Mobile App.How to Move an Email to Another Folder on the Gmail Mobile App.How to Move Emails into Folders on the Gmail Mobile App.How to Use Folders on the Gmail Mobile App.How to Show or Hide Your Folders on the Gmail Web App.How to Assign Colors to Your Folders on the Gmail Web App.How to Remove a Folder on the Gmail Web App.How to Rename a Folder on the Gmail Web App.How to Nest Folders on the Gmail Web App.How to Assign Emails to a Folder Automatically on the Gmail Web App.How to Move Emails into Folders on the Gmail Web App.How to Create Folders on the Gmail Web App.How to Use Folders on the Gmail Web App.(Click on links to jump to specific sections) ![]() Then, I’ll cover how to use folders in Gmail using its web app and mobile app, including how to create, nest, and remove your Gmail folders. In this article, I’ll first clarify how Gmail’s folder system works. These folders enable you to organize your important emails better, making them easily accessible. Scroll down to the end of the list and click on “More” to expand the complete menu.A well-organized inbox is one of the easiest ways to improve email productivity.įortunately, Gmail offers several effective ways to manage your inbox - the easiest being Gmail labels (or folders). Find the list of existing labels on the left side of your screen (the menu begins with Inbox and includes folders such as Starred, Sent, and Drafts).ģ. Open Gmail on your desktop/computer and log in to your account.Ģ. Option 1: Create a new folder (label) in Gmail via the sidebarġ. There are two options for creating a new Gmail folder from your desktop or laptop computer. How to create a new folder in Gmail on your computer You can organize your labels so they nest within/under another label (equivalent to a parent folder) via your computer the mobile app doesn’t allow parent label creation. The basics of how to create folders in Gmailīefore creating folders in Gmail, there are a few things you should know:Īll folders (labels) can be found in your inbox sidebar.Īfter creating a label, you can choose which emails to move to that folder. This step-by-step guide will help you achieve maximum Gmail inbox organization. Gmail labels work well for people who receive a lot of emails and need to manage them effectively for their work and personal lives. Gmail folders (aka labels) allow you to sort emails, making it easier to find specific messages and declutter your inbox. Frequently asked questions regarding Gmail folders. 12/28/2023 0 Comments Chris myer peregrin falcon![]() 1, phase ‘I’ shows the beginning of the stoop and ‘II’ is when the bird is diving at maximum speed in a T-shape configuration expanded in the corresponding live image. The two live images show the real morphology corresponding to the two main silhouettes in the schematic representation. 1 together with the silhouette of the wing configurations adopted during various stages of the stoop. Complementary Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations helped in confirming the experimental findings and provided more details of the flow field in locations where measurements were not possible.įrom the live recordings during the field experiment conducted at the Oleftal dam in Hellenthal, Germany, the dive path of a trained falcon was reconstructed and this is shown schematically in Fig. Further postprocessing of the velocity field helps in resolving the vortices and investigate their dynamics. Their trajectories are recorded by a high-speed digital camera, and using image-processing algorithm the velocity vector is determined by resolving the displacement of the tracer particle for a known time interval. In this technique, the motion of micrometre-sized particles seeded in the flow are traced while illuminated by a laser sheet. Digital particle image velocimetry 11 (DPIV) was employed to gather more detail about the development of the vortical structures in the wake of the bird, which interact to reduce the downwash effect. First, oil flow visualisation technique was used to capture the flow topology and analysis of the near-surface streamlines revealed the presence of strong transverse velocity component and a vortex-dominated flow over the bird. Our wind tunnel experiment sheds light on the flow mechanisms that assist the bird in executing this manoeuvre. From a flight mechanics point of view, in order to perform such manoeuvres the bird needs to generate drastic forces during these ‘strenuous’ conditions. In the M-shape, lift increases dramatically and can even reach ~ 18 times its weight 10, but this theoretically derived figure should be regarded with some scepticism. This sudden alteration of morphology to achieve such a complex manoeuvre is enabled by the robust musculo-skeletal structure and the superior mechanical strength of the feathers 9. Despite the rapid deceleration in this configuration, the bird is still flying at moderately high speed, which prevents it from stalling and also allows it to spiral back for another attack if needed. 5 and is in agreement with previously broadcasted live recording 6, 7, 8. This observation was confirmed from the live recordings also reported in ref. During the M-shape the arm opens up further into the horizontal plane and the primary feathers are aligned with the axis of the bird to form an M-shaped planform when viewed from the top. In C-shape the arms are slighly untucked, creating a cavity between the body and the primary feathers, which are oriented vertically. 4) and the M-shape (the focus of this manuscript). The success of the attack largely depends on the manoeuvrability during the second phase of the stoop, when the bird 1 starts to pull out from the dive, while undergoing two important morphological transformations, namely the cupped-wing shape (C-shape, detail presented in ref. ![]() Within the initial phase of the stoop it adopts a ‘teardrop’ shape (T-shape) where the wings are folded and feathers tucked in a streamlined shape, which is intuitively the lowest drag configuration. ![]() While soaring, the falcon first climbs with the wings completely stretched out to increase lift, collected from vertical columns of rising air known as ‘thermals’ 3. Diving from high altitude is necessary to build-up such speeds. These findings could help in improving aircraft performance and wing suits for human flights.ĭuring stoop, peregine falcon ( Falco peregrinus), can dive at 39 ms −1 1 to 51 ms −1 2, making it the world’s fastest animal. A vortex pair with a sense of rotation opposite to that from conventional planar wings interacts with the main wings vortex to reduce induced drag, which would otherwise decelerate the bird significantly during pull-out. The stronger wing and tail vortices provide extra aerodynamic forces through vortex-induced lift for pitch and roll control. These vortices enhance mixing for flow reattachment towards the tail. Both experiments and simulations on life-size models, derived from field observations, revealed the presence of vortices emanating from the frontal and dorsal region due to a strong spanwise flow promoted by the forward sweep of the radiale. Here we demonstrate that the superior manoeuvrability of peregrine falcons during stoop is attributed to vortex-dominated flow promoted by their morphology, in the M-shape configuration adopted towards the end of dive. The peregrine falcon ( Falco peregrinus) is known for its extremely high speeds during hunting dives or stoop. |
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